A retrospective, non-experimental, non-interventional study was conducted at 3 health care organizations to identify clinical gaps in care for patients with stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD), and financial opportunity from risk adjustment payment systems. Lack of evaluation for CKD in patients with diabetes was also assessed. Methods: Outpatient longitudinal laboratory results and patient metadata available in the electronic medical record, laboratory information system, and/or laboratory billing or facility claims data for the calendar year 2021 were evaluated. Laboratory results were compared to billing data (ICD-10 codes) and risk adjustment scores including Hierarchical Condition Categories (HCCs) to determine if laboratory-identified CKD was coded as a disease condition in the electronic medical record. Adults 18 to 75 years of age were included; inpatient laboratory results and pregnant women were excluded.

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